Molecular dynamics simulations of plasma crystal formation including wake effects

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to study dusty plasma crystal formation in three dimensions. The grain interaction model includes a spherically symmetric Debye-Huckel potential, an asymmetric wake potential, and a unidirectional external potential representing gravity and the sheath potential. We use a new form for the wake with ion-neutral collisions that reduce the interaction length of the wake. For the parameters considered, we obtain quasi-ordered structures in which the grains align into well-formed strings in the vertical direction and a more amorphous alignment of the strings themselves. Changes in the vertical alignment as a function of the wake parameters are analyzed