Investigation Into the Relationship Between Microstrip Patch Width and Efficiency

The equation W = lambda/radic(2(epsiv_r + 1)), which determines the best length for an efficient slot radiator, is frequently used to determine the best width for patch antenna efficiency. Even though no proof exists that efficient slot radiators yield the most efficient patch antenna, this equation is still widely used in patch antenna design. The goal of this investigation is to determine if patch antennas designed using the above-mentioned equation are indeed most efficient. This is achieved by means of a parametric study incorporating both simulation and measurement. Finally, it is shown that efficiency is affected by both patch width and probe location and the aforementioned equation does not determine the best width for efficiency.