Superdirective radiation from finite gratings of rectangular grooves

In this paper, the superdirective property of arrays comprising a finite number of rectangular grooves is studied by using the modal approach, which is a simple but powerful technique for analyzing these gratings. Numerical results show that when a specific characteristic mode of the structure referred to as the π mode is excited, the intensity of the field scattered in the specular direction exhibits a maximum, which becomes sharper and narrower as the number of grooves is increased. The far-field patterns exhibit superdirectivity at these resonant frequencies as evidenced by their beamwidths that are narrower than those expected from apertures of comparable size. The model-based parameter estimation (MBPE) technique has been employed to help locate extremely narrow resonances that are characteristic of superdirective arrays and its usefulness has been demonstrated