Conjugation of Quantum Dots and JT95 IgM Monoclonal Antibody for Thyroid Carcinoma Without Abolishing the Specificity and Activity of the Antibody

Among the immunoglobulins, IgM class-antibodies are now considered to be potent immunological reagents for anticancer remedies. However, only a few reports are available about the effective labeling of IgM with enzymes, fluorescence, or other bioreactive reagents. Here, we report an effective application of luminescent semiconductive nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs), as a labeling material of the IgM antibody. The CdSe carboxyl QDs were reacted with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysulfo- succinimide in 2-(morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid. The reacted QDs were then coupled to JT95 IgM antibody, which recognizes thyroid carcinoma associated antigen. The specificity and activity of the conjugates were tested by immunoblot, immunoquantitive assay and immunohistological imaging. The QDs were firmly conjugated with JT95 IgM monoclonal antibody. In immunoblot assay, QD-JT95 conjugates directly detected the target molecules without obstructing the binding site. In immunoquantitive assay, the conjugates could quantify the antigen in the range of 1.56-100 μg/mL. Also, QDs-labeled antibody detected the antigen on plasma membrane. Our results demonstrate that labeling of JT95 and other IgM class antibodies with QDs is feasible. This approach may be an important method for the medical application of IgM in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.