Zero sequence blocking transformers for multi-pulse rectifier in aerospace applications

The power electronics technology plays an even more important role in the aerospace applications of More Electric Aircrafts (MEA). AutoTransformer Rectifier Units (ATRU) have been widely adopted in aircrafts due to its simplicity and reliability. In this paper, Zero Sequence Blocking Transformers (ZSBT) are employed in the DC link to realize parallel rectifier bridges for ATRU, being the proposed 24-pulse rectifier. A star-connected autotransformer is used in this topology to divide the primary side voltage into four three-phase voltage groups, among which there is a phase shift of 15°. The autotransformer then feeds the load through rectifier bridges, which are in parallel with ZSBTs. Compared to the traditional method that is using six interphase transformers to parallel the rectifier bridges; the proposed 24-pulse rectifier only requires four ZSBTs. This will contribute to a reduction of weight and cost of the entire system. The operation principle of the ZSBT is analyzed, and the kVA rating design of each component in the proposed unit is also explored. The kVA rating of ZSBT is only 0.034 times of the rated power. Moreover, this topology can eliminate low-order harmonics in the AC supply current. An 18 kW prototype is built up for tests. Both simulations and experiments have verified the main features of the proposed 24-pulse rectifier in terms of higher efficiency, higher power factor and lower total harmonic distortions.