Efficient rate control for H.264/AVC intra frame

This paper points out some problems inherent in H.264/AVC intra frame rate control (RC) and presents several new algorithms to solve them. Three main algorithms are proposed in this paper. Multiple quantization parameters (QPs) determination algorithm based on the statistics of the deviation measure is proposed. Thus, relatively accurate QP estimation can be achieved since it takes the features of the current frame content into consideration. Two slice-based RC schemes are also proposed to stabilize the output bit rate. The scene change is detected with the complexity of adjacent frames based on deviation measure, which not only generates stable bit rate output but also improves the video quality. The combination of all the above algorithms improve the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) by 0.74 dB while keeping the mismatch of the bit rate output less than 7.18% compared to the H.264/AVC reference model, JM12.0, under various sequences.