Phase Noise of Distributed Oscillators

In distributed oscillators, a large or infinite number of voltage and current variables that represent an oscillating electromagnetic wave are perturbed by distributed noise sources to result in phase noise. Here we offer an explicit, physically intuitive analysis of the seemingly complex phase-noise process in distributed oscillators. This study, confirmed by experiments, shows how the phase noise varies with the shape and physical nature of the oscillating electromagnetic wave, providing design insights and physical understanding.