Protection Technique for Complex Distribution Smart Grid Using Wireless Token Ring Protocol

Distributed generation is expected to increase sharply as more and more renewable are integrated to power system with the realization of smart grid, consequently complex distribution smart grid is given. The traditional protection devices cannot be able to protect complex power system configuration due to many fault current loops will feed the fault point. Relays based on standalone decisions cannot provide reliable and correct action when used on a complex distribution system. This paper proposes new protection philosophy using wireless technology. Data sharing among relays to obtain reliable and accurate decision are introduced. Wireless Token Ring Protocol (WTRP) as a wireless local area network (LAN) protocol inspired by the IEEE 802.4 Token Bus Protocol is used for data sharing. WTRP is selected to improve efficiency by reducing the number of retransmissions due to collisions. WTRP architecture and protocol are described to verify operation. MATLAB simulation program is used to simulate the data exchange protocol between relays in a ring for a specified amount of time.