Urban area propagation path loss reduction by dynamic differential evolution algorithm

In the wireless outdoor communication, the buildings in modern cities to make the outdoor communication more difficult. In this paper, we propose the shooting and bouncing ray/image (SBR/Image) method to compute the path loss for outdoor environments in the commercial area of New Taipei. Three types of antenna arrays such as L shape, Y shape, and circular shape arrays are considered. Moreover, dynamic differential evolution algorithm (DDE) is employed to optimize the excitation voltages and phases for these antenna arrays to reduce the path loss and compare with the genetic algorithm (GA). The GA and DDE optimization is applied to a high order nonlinear optimization problem. By the obtained antenna patterns, we can find the route with the lowest path loss; meanwhile, transmission power using this route in the base station can be reduced. Numerical results show that the performance in reduction of path loss. The DDE algorithm outperforms the GA for proposed antenna arrays. The investigated results can improve design of outdoor communication system.