TCP congestion control algorithms and a performance comparison

The evolution of TCP congestion control algorithms and underlying concepts of each algorithm are presented herein. According to their specific strategies, TCP algorithms are classified into four groups: Reno and NewReno, SACK and the variants, smooth-start and dynamic recovery (SSDR), and loss-avoidance algorithms. Numerous simulations are conducted to compare the performances of these TCP algorithms, and simulation results clearly indicate the merits and limitations of them. Comments are also presented to provide users and developers with a better understanding of these algorithms