Team-Oriented Load Sharing in Parallel DC–DC Converters

A distributed networked method for load sharing of parallel converters is proposed. Using consensus-voting protocols, the need for a master converter or a central controller is eliminated. The proposed modular structure does not require a priori knowledge of the number of active converters, which makes it a viable option for a plug-and-play operation. The voltage regulation at the desired set point and the consensus of the per-unit currents are analytically proven for the steady-state conditions. Moreover, in the absence of a centralized controller, measuring output voltages of each converter individually can lead to a measurement mismatch. The effect of this voltage mismatch on the controller performance is analyzed, and a solution is provided. Experimental results verify the proposed distributed control method using a parallel four-converter system and show its efficacy in response to changes in operational conditions and its resiliency against the loss of converters or communication links.