Evaluation of Oxidized-Low-Density Lipoproteins Using Kelvin Force Microscopy

Author

Takeda, Shigeki ; Ohkawa, Futaba ; Shu-Ping Hui ; Sakurai, Takayasu ; Jin, Seongwook ; Fuda, Hirotoshi ; Sueoka, Kazuhisa ; Chiba, Hidetoshi

Author_Institution

Fac. of Health Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan

Volume

13

Issue

9

fYear

2013

fDate

Sept. 2013

Firstpage

3449

Lastpage

3453

Abstract

Oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), which is generated by LDL oxidation, is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease development. LDL has positive charges on the surface attributable to amino groups of lysine moieties on Apo B-100. Its positive charge is decreased by oxidation. For this paper, the topography and surface potential of LDL and ox-LDL are measured using atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). Although it is difficult to ascertain a difference between topographic images of LDL and ox-LDL, the KPFM images of ox-LDL differ from those obtained using LDL. The averaged potential of the surface decreases concomitantly with increasing oxidation time of the LDL. We demonstrate a method to evaluate the oxidation level of LDL using KPFM.

Keywords

atomic force microscopy; diseases; molecular biophysics; oxidation; proteins; surface topography; Apo B-100; KPFM; Kelvin probe force microscopy; LDL oxidation level; amino groups; atomic force microscopy; cardiovascular disease development; lysine moieties; oxidized-low-density lipoproteins; surface potential; surface topography; Kelvin probe force microscopy; bioelectric phenomena; biotechnology; low-density lipoprotein;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Sensors Journal, IEEE

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1530-437X

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JSEN.2013.2265014

Filename

6525389