Delay modeling for buffered RLY/RLC trees

For deep-submicron, high-performance circuits, the inductive effect plays a very important role in determining the circuit delay. In this paper, the authors derived accurate formulae for modeling the delays of buffered RLY/RLC wires and trees. The formulae could handle balanced and unbalanced trees and consider buffer insertion. Extensive simulations with HSPICE show that the formulae have high fidelity, with an average error of within 5.51% based on the 180 nm technology. The simulations show that the formulae are more accurate than previous works.