Time-domain steady-state simulation of frequency-dependent components using multi-interval Chebyshev method

Simulation of RF circuits often demands analysis of distributed component models that are described via frequency-dependent multiport Y, Z, or S parameters. Frequency-domain methods such as harmonic balance are able to handle these components without difficulty, while they are more difficult for time-domain simulation methods to treat. In this paper, we propose a hybrid frequency-time approach to treat these components in steady-state time-domain simulations. Efficiency is achieved through the use of the multi-interval Chebyshev simulation method and a low-order rational-fitting model for preconditioning matrix-implicit Krylov-subspace solvers.