First generation ISOL radioactive ion beam facilities

Widespread scientific interest has developed in using accelerated radioactive ion beams (RIBs) for nuclear physics, astrophysics, solid-state physics, and applied studies. Two general methods can be used to produce RIBs: the recoil fragmentation method and the isotope-separator-on-line (ISOL) method. The recoil-fragmentation method requires one accelerator, filters radioactive fragments produced from medium-energy heavy-ion beams incident on thin targets, and is relatively well developed. This method has been pursued vigorously at several laboratories. The ISOL method requires two accelerators, has the promise of lower energies and more intense beams, and is in an earlier state of development. The status, challenges, and plans of the first-generation ISOL accelerated RIB facilities presently operating or under construction will be discussed. These are facilities based in part on at least one existing accelerator and will produce limited RIB beam species, intensities, and energies