A Holistic Approach to Service Delivery in Driver-in-the-Loop Vehicular CPS

Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems (VCPS) provide human drivers with various services related to road safety, and on-road infotainments. Since a service (message) delivery includes service transmission, service display and driver processing, many challenges arise due to limited network resources, possible pre-emption and contention between services for the display and non-negligible driver processing delay. In this paper, we address a new Driver-centric Service Delivery Problem (DSDP) from a cross-disciplinary resource allocation standpoint. Our goal is to deliver a number of services to a set of intended drivers in a given time period so as to maximize the system-wide performance in terms of total utility income (TUI) to drivers. We show that DSDP differs from all existing problems and is NP-Complete. A number of efficient heuristics are proposed to address several issues, including wireless transmission failure as well as distributed implementation of the multi-sender systems. Utilizing real traces collected from taxis in the city of Shanghai, we also present a case study in a more realistic scenario and conduct comprehensive simulations providing numerical results.