FaT2D: Fault Tolerant Directed Diffusion for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant protocol based on Directed Diffusion. This latter has the advantage to provide a strong tolerance against node failures thanks to its multipath construction, periodic exploration, and positive/negative reinforcement techniques. Our solution FaT2D (Fault Tolerant Directed Diffusion) defines a new technique which implements a fast failure detection with a prompt path recovery regarding to nodes crash and topology changes. A simulation based comparison between original Directed Diffusion and FaT2D shows that our protocol reduces data loss rate and decreases mean time recovery delay.