Scaling analog circuits

Summary form only given. Analog circuits perform critical operations in any modern integrated circuit. Digital integrated circuits require analog circuits for logic or I/O clock generation, as well as for temperature monitoring or supply regulation. In mixed signal products, analog circuits perform the critical translation of information from the physical (analog) world to the digital world of ones and zeros. Analog-to-digital converters are typically preceded by signal conditioning circuits, including filtering and amplification, while digital-to-analog conversion needs to be followed by some form of analog signal conditioning.