A 3-D Markov Chain Model for a Multi-Dimensional Indoor Environment

In this paper, a pico-cellular airport traffic model is proposed which supports Engset distributed fresh call arrival process and General distributed handoff process with Dynamic Channel Allocation (DCA). The proposed model enables load balancing using DCA and uses a three-dimensional Markov chain to compute traffic congestion and call congestion for any kind of traffic streams, including Pure Chance Type-I (PCT-I) or Pure Chance Type-II (PCT-II). The application of the proposed model is illustrated in assessing indoor mobility to evaluate QoS parameters. The proposed airport traffic model is fairly general in the sense that it is not restricted by number of users, user mobility or range of offered load, and can be reduced to predict congestion for Poisson distributed fresh call arrival processes and General distributed handoff processes.