SpeedBalance: Speed-scaling-aware optimal load balancing for green cellular networks

This paper considers a component-level deceleration technique in BS operation, called speed-scaling, that is more conservative than entirely shutting down BSs, yet can conserve dynamic power effectively during periods of low load while ensuring full coverage at all times. By formulating a total cost minimization that allows for a flexible tradeoff between delay and energy, we first study how to adaptively vary the processing speed based on incoming load. We then investigate how this speed-scaling affects the design of network protocol, specifically, with respect to user association. Based on our investigation, we propose and analyze a distributed algorithm, called SpeedBalance, that can yield significant energy savings.