Notice of RetractionThe charateristic of sand and dust transport in different arid land surfaces

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Wind erosion is an important environmental problem, thus researchers have used many methods to study it. The methods that have been used mainly involved theoretical analysis, experimental measurements under artificial conditions (e.g., in wind tunnels), and numerical simulations using a range of models. However, the results of these studies differ, and are not always satisfactory, particularly in terms of predicting behavior in natural environments, because of the simplifying assumptions required by these approaches or the use of insufficient data. In this paper, we used field data measured above different surfaces to analyze the vertical distribution of sand material in the near-surface layer (0 to 50 cm) and total sand transport. We were able to express sand material in near surface as a function of height as an exponential function. In the different surfaces, sand transport are different. In the shifting sand area, the transport is largest, and then cultivated land, semi-fixed dunes, fixed dunes, last is shrub. In the cultivated land, large sand transport caused serious loss of majority of the fertile soil elements and caused surface land desertification.