The finite-element modelling of three-dimensional time-harmonic electromagnetic fields

An efficient and accurate finite-element method is presented for computing time-harmonic electromagnetic fields in three-dimensional configurations containing arbitrarily inhomogeneous media that may be anisotropic. To obtain accurate results with an optimum computational efficiency, both consistently linear edge and consistently linear nodal elements are used for approximating the spatial distribution of the field. In comparison with earlier work, the formulation is improved by adding methods for the explicit modelling of the electromagnetic compatibility relations