Reducing dTLB energy through dynamic resizing

Translation look-aside buffer (TLB), which is small content addressable memory (CAM) structure used to translate virtual addresses to physical addresses, can consume significant energy in some architectures. In addition, its power density is high, due to its small area. Consequently, reducing power consumption of TLB is important for both high-end and low-end systems. While a large TLB might be preferable from the performance angle, it can also lead to excessive dynamic energy consumption. We focus on data TLB (dTLB), and propose an architectural solution to this problem which is based on dynamically resizing the dTLB considering application execution behavior. Our objective is to give the application the minimum dTLB size (at any point) without significantly degrading its performance. We present two different implementations of this idea, and give experimental data demonstrating that it is very effective in practice.