Cycle life prediction for lithium-ion battery based on GM(1, N) grey model

The accurate prediction of battery life has an important effect on the safe and reliable operation of electric vehicles. The decline of capacity and the increase of resistance indicate the decay of battery life. This paper considers comprehensively the change trends of battery capacity and battery internal resistance, and proposes a battery life prediction model based on GM(1, N) grey theory. The validity of the proposed prediction model is verified by experiments and simulation. The maximum prediction error of the model is less than 30 mAh, and the mean relative error is less than 0.071. GM(1, N) model has the higher prediction accuracy and good robustness than the traditional GM(1,1) model that only considers battery internal resistance. By accurate cycle life prediction, the attenuation trends of battery capacity are acquired, and the accidents caused by invalid batteries are effectively avoided.