Energy efficient multi-metric QoS routing using genetic algorithm in MANET

Nodes in Mobile Adhoc NETwork (MANET) are suffered by limited bandwidth and frequent changes in the topology due to node mobility. The nodes participating in the network are powered by limited battery resources and the battery depletion can imply network failure. Although establishing correct and efficient routes is an important design issue in MANET, providing energy efficient routes is a more challenging goal because mobile nodes´ operation time is the most critical limiting factor. The problem of network exhausting batteries which partitions the entire network can be prevented by considering the energy consumption in MANET. To support real-time communications which require better QoS, metrics like bandwidth, end-to-end delay and energy consumption has to be considered. It is necessary to consider multiple metrics for selecting an efficient path. This multi-metric QoS routing problem can be solved with optimization techniques. An energy efficient genetic algorithm based unicast routing is proposed to provide energy efficient unicast, multipath route by considering multiple QoS parameters such as end-to-end delay, energy consumption, bandwidth and hop count.