A high-accuracy microwave sensor and calibration for measuring three-phase saturations in cores

A microwave technique for measuring oil, air and water three-phase saturations in cores was proposed in this paper. By using the principle of microwave transmission, a microwave sensor and calibration were introduced. The sensor is made of X-band waveguide components and devices. It can convert the water content into microwave signal linearly. It has been used as a microwave instrument for measuring three-phase saturations in cylindrical cores. Good results were obtained; the measure errors of the instrument are less than ±3.0 percent and the absolute errors are less than ±1.0 percent. The measurement technique proposed in this paper has solved an important problem in the measurement of saturation cores in developing mathematical models for oil, air and water three-phase relative permeability, and provided the exploration and development research on petroleum with a valid analysis means