Improving threshold distributed energy efficient clustering algorithm for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks

Improving network lifetime is an important challenge in Heterogeneous Wireless sensor Networks. The best way to improve a heterogeneous WSN lifetime is to regrouping the network by the clusters which each one is managed by a leader called Cluster Head. The election of cluster head is based on a predefined probability that each node becomes cluster head and other nodes must join their Cluster Heads to send them their data. These cluster members can be closer to the base station and must send data to their manager, so there is a loss of energy in the network. In this paper, we propose a new technique to improve a threshold distributed energy efficient clustering protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks by excluding the closer nodes to the base station in the clustering process. We demonstrate by simulation in MATLAB that the proposed approach increase the lifetime by around 46% and number of the received packet messages by around 184% than current heterogeneous WSN protocols as TDEEC.