A 1/3" VGA linear wide dynamic range CMOS image sensor implementing a predictive multiple sampling algorithm with overlapping integration intervals

An image sensor implementing a novel algorithm that linearly increases the illumination dynamic range of solid-state pixels is presented. Optimal exposure is achieved with a predictive pixel saturation decision that allows for multiple integration intervals of different duration to run concurrently for different pixels while keeping the sensor frame rate constant. A proof-of-concept chip was fabricated in a 0.18 μm, 5M CMOS process. Minimal alterations to standard pixels are needed to provide the added functionality thus fill factor is not sacrificed. Measured data corroborates the algorithm functionality.