VIE-PNN: An expert system for parenteral nutrition of neonates

The authors developed the interactive support system VIE-PNN (VIenna Expert system for Parenteral Nutrition of Neonates) for calculating the composition of parenteral nutrition solutions (PNSs) for neonates at intensive care units. The objectives were to avoid errors within certain limits, to save time, and to keep data for further statistical analysis. The authors combined textbook rules of nutrition planning with the knowledge of experienced physicians. The dynamic and static knowledge is represented in a frame structure and backward chaining rules. A technical, empirical, and subjective evaluation of the system was performed. It proved VIE-PNN´s soundness, its ability to provide a standard for the composition of parenteral nutrition, and its clinical applicability