Virtual Cluster Head-set based Avalanche Predication in Himalayan region

Environmental disasters are most of the time unpredictable and occur within short spans of time. Therefore we have to develop technology to capture relevant signals with minimum monitoring delay. The Himalaya, the longest chain of mountains in the world, shows complex variations in snow and meteorological conditions as one traverse from east to west and from south to north. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) systems have potential to provide raw data for environmental science such as Avalanche Predication. WSN mainly consists of large number of sensor nodes with limited power supply which are densely deployed in physical environment. Once the battery is drain-out sensor node is considered as a dead node sensor and thus can´t longer participate in the working of wireless sensor network and we can say whole the network is dead. In order to prolong the network life time, an energy efficient sensor network needed, so by using different clustering techniques we can get an energy efficient WSNs. In this paper we extend the LEACH protocol by using a Virtual Cluster Head-set (VCH) instead of a cluster head. The main goal of this paper is to detect snowfall induced avalanche which occur commonly in Western Himalayan region of India using WSNs.