Problems in Distribution Networks

This paper studies some practical problems encountered in the distribution networks. Part of the Kuwait distribution network is taken as a case study. The main feature of such a network is the huge use of underground short cables. The paper discusses the merits and demerits of different protective systems used in the network. The protection system coordination is one of the complicated problems studied in the paper. One of the serious problems that was reported in the system, is the 132/11 KV station complete shut down as a result of undetected faults in the 11 KV part of the network. An artificial intelligence (AI) technique is suggested to locate the faulty section in a typical distribution loop. The paper addresses also the effect of expanding the network on the performance of the protective relays. A real switchgear substation (132/11 KV) that has been subjected to an expansion is selected to perform the study. More practical reported problems are presented and the solutions are suggested and evaluated.