The planning and design of a human tissue generation clean room at the laboratory of biotechnology of the nation burn treatment and research center; part 2

Each year millions of people around the world are affected by the loss of organs or tissues due to burns, trauma, birth defects, and different diseases. Although recent progress has been made in the area of transplantation, it has major limitations such as: the shortage of donated organs, the difficulties in storage, the high cost and difficult surgical technique and postoperative care requirements. These difficulties have stimulated research in the field of tissue engineering in which they combine technology and biological materials science, seeking to solve one of the most complex biological problems such as the creation or generation of tissue de novo to repair, replace, or improve tissue function. If functional tissue could be reconstructed in vitro biological substitutes can be made for implants. This procedure could replace the storage of whole organs. Using a small amount of seed tissue from a donor, sufficient cells for implantation could be grown in vitro. This would reduce the risk and expense associated with surgery and hospitalization, especially if these tissues are created on a large scale. Moreover, cells isolated from a patient and grown in vitro can be modified by gene therapy and then reintroduced to cure genetic disorders. Biosecurity (clean room) is a major requirement for the development of biological substitutes. In this case the work has focused on the interrelationship between the work of biomedical engineers, clinical researchers and basic planning personnel to provide an environment in which to devleop biological substitutes for use in humans.