Multi-scale applications of neutron scattering and imaging

Neutron scattering and imaging are exquisitely sensitive to differences in the bulk hydrogen content of biological materials. This provides a unique, natural contrast between common classes of biomolecules that can be used to distinguish the individual components of complex biological assemblies, membranes and multicellular tissue systems. Applications in human biology range from atomic-resolution analysis of hydrogen atoms in enzymes, through to multi-scale analysis of hierarchical structures and assemblies involved in disease and extend to sub-millimeter resolution imaging of tissues and organs. The completion of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) and the upgrade of the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provide access to a powerful new suite of instruments that can examine biological structure and function across multiple levels of organization that spanning from molecules to living cells and tissues.