New low-voltage standards in the DC to 1 MHz frequency range

Several techniques for measuring the RMS value of 1-600-mV signals are described and compared to existing thermal transfer standards. Differences between the techniques at 100 mV are typically within +or-20 p.p.m. in the audio-frequency range and within +or-100 p.p.m. out to 1 MHz. A new low-voltage thermal transfer standard has made it possible to compare thermal converters, micropotentiometers, and a digitally synthesized source to a precision of 1 p.p.m. The results indicate that micropotentiometers, are inherently more accurate transfer devices in the DC to 1-MHz frequency range than low-voltage TVCs (thermal voltage converters).<>