The passive houses investigation and study in north China

One hundred passive houses in north China were investigated, and highly reliable results were obtained. On the basis of these results, the shortcomings in the design of the passive houses are identified, and improvements are proposed. Most of the inhabitants chose coal stoves, and some chose Tunuangqi heating systems as auxiliary systems. It is concluded that the requirements of these auxiliary systems should be considered in the design, for example, chimney flues and flue inlets should be provided