Direct immobilization and patterning of hyaluronic acid on hydrophilic substrates

In this study, we describe two methods of patterning HA on various substrates including glass, silicon dioxides, poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly (HEMA)], polystyrene cell culture dishes, and biodegradable polylactic glycolic acid (PLGA), without the use of chemical modification or with slight modification with NaOH or oxygen plasma treatment. Such versatile use of soft lithographic methods would be potentially useful for many biomedical applications.