High power ferrite phase shifters for phased array radars

The criteria for selecting the nonreciprocal toroid phase shifter over its major competitors, the dual-mode ferrite phase shifter and the rotary field phase shifter, are given. The paper describes the nonreciprocal ferrite phase shifter from a design point of view and addresses the calibration and testing procedures required for optimum performance. The key factors and considerations influencing the design of the microwave and electronic portions are presented to clarify and understand the capabilities, limitations and interface requirements for this type