Low-Profile Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna with Vertical and Horizontal Shorting Lines in Grounded CPW Technology

A novel low-profile reconfigurable antenna is proposed for changing radiation patterns. The antenna is constructed on a circular patch fed by a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW). The circular patch has three vertical shorting lines and one horizontal shorting line. A p-i-n diode switch on the horizontal shorting line is used to configure the radiation pattern of the antenna. In the off state, the maximum radiation intensity occurs at $\pm 45^\circ$ to the circular patch. In the on state, the maximum radiation intensity occurs perpendicular to the circular patch. Simulation and measurement results at 2.3 GHz validate the reconfigurability of the proposed design.