Subsurface radar remote sensing of inhomogeneous ground of the planet

Application of radar signals for subsurface ground sensing is complicated by the conditions of radio wave propagation within the subsoil where conductivity and dielectric losses characterized by the loss tangent restrict the radio wave penetration depth. On Mars whose surface has an average temperature of about -60°C the upper layer of the ground forms a cryolithosphere whose properties allow one to investigate the possibility of radar sensing. Transition to relatively low radar frequencies (1 to 10 MHz) involves a number of problems pertaining to formation, radiation, propagation and analysis of the signals received. Theoretical investigation of radiopulse reflection from inhomogeneous ground described by a one-dimensional model of the complex dielectric constant dependence on depth has a certain importance for consideration of the inverse problem, i.e. using measurements of the field of the reflected waves for evaluation of dielectric characteristics and thickness of layers of the subsurface structure of the planet