Physical Unclonable Functions and Applications: A Tutorial

Author

Herder, Charles ; Meng-Day Yu ; Koushanfar, Farinaz ; Devadas, Srinivas

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci. (EECS), Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA

Volume

102

Issue

8

fYear

2014

fDate

Aug. 2014

Firstpage

1126

Lastpage

1141

Abstract

This paper describes the use of physical unclonable functions (PUFs) in low-cost authentication and key generation applications. First, it motivates the use of PUFs versus conventional secure nonvolatile memories and defines the two primary PUF types: “strong PUFs” and “weak PUFs.” It describes strong PUF implementations and their use for low-cost authentication. After this description, the paper covers both attacks and protocols to address errors. Next, the paper covers weak PUF implementations and their use in key generation applications. It covers error-correction schemes such as pattern matching and index-based coding. Finally, this paper reviews several emerging concepts in PUF technologies such as public model PUFs and new PUF implementation technologies.

Keywords

Random access memory; Ring oscillators; Tutorials; authorisation; cryptographic protocols; PUF; error-correction scheme; index-based coding; key generation application; low-cost authentication application; pattern matching; physical unclonable functions; public model PUF; secure nonvolatile memories; strong PUF type; weak PUF type; Coding; Cryptography; Hardware; Indexes; Logic gates; Oscillators; Random access memory; Ring oscillators; SRAM chips; Tutorials; Arbiter; SRAM; index-based coding; pattern matching; physical unclonable function (PUF); public model PUFs; ring oscillator; unclonable;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Proceedings of the IEEE

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0018-9219

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JPROC.2014.2320516

Filename

6823677