Title :
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in dynamical energy markets
Author :
Kessels, J.T.B.A. ; van den Bosch, P.P.J.
Author_Institution :
TNO Automotive, Helmond
Abstract :
The plug-in hybrid electric vehicle allows vehicle propulsion from multiple internal power sources. Electric energy from the grid can be utilized by means of the plug-in connection. An on-line energy management (EM) strategy is proposed to minimize the costs for taking energy from each power source. Especially in a dynamical energy market, an on-line optimization algorithm is desirable since energy prices change over time. By construction, the proposed EM system can operate with, and without prediction information. If predictions are available, an electronic horizon is applied to anticipate on up-coming events and further optimize the strategy. Illustrative examples are given to explain the added value for both solutions. Also the situation where energy is transferred back to the grid is considered.
Keywords :
automotive engineering; electric vehicles; energy management systems; optimisation; power markets; dynamical energy markets; multiple internal power sources; online energy management; online optimization; plug-in hybrid electric vehicles; vehicle propulsion; Automotive engineering; Battery powered vehicles; Costs; Energy management; Fuel economy; Hybrid electric vehicles; Intelligent vehicles; Power generation economics; Propulsion; Vehicle safety;
Conference_Titel :
Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, 2008 IEEE
Conference_Location :
Eindhoven
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4244-2568-6
Electronic_ISBN :
1931-0587
DOI :
10.1109/IVS.2008.4621188