Look-ahead coordination of wind energy and electric vehicles: A market-based approach

The major subject of this paper is the analysis and simulation of market-based coordination of variable resources with storage systems such as aggregated Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). Starting from our recent work on modeling and model predictive scheduling of conventional generation, variable generation, and battery storage systems, we further develop in this paper a look-ahead multi-layered simulation platform which (1) takes into account of the transmission congestion; and (2) co-optimizes individual participants´ profits from both energy and regulation services markets. In contrast with today´s operation software, the proposed scheduling framework could improve the overall system efficiency while observing the transmission network constraints. We illustrate the improved operational efficiency in a modified IEEE 14-bus system.