An equivalent model for practically used dipole-type antenna elements

A simple equivalent model is presented which represents antenna elements that make up various types of TV receiving array antennas. The model gives a unified representation of eight different types of antenna elements, such as loaded and unloaded folded types, conventional dipole types, loaded and unloaded parasitic element types, etc. This model can be used to conveniently analyze the radiation characteristics of many array antennas which are made by combining these dipole-type elements into various TV receiving antennas.<>