Localization in underwater acoustic networks based on double rates

Localization is a major issue and a challenging task for underwater acoustic networks. The characteristics of underwater acoustic networks are fundamentally different from that of terrestrial networks. For example, it is not easy to get GPS into water and underwater acoustic networks often just have few anchors. Thus many of the localization schemes for terrestrial networks cannot be used directly in underwater acoustic networks. In this paper, we present a localization scheme based on double rates which competes node localization with only one anchor. It is a range-based localization scheme which separates data transmission into two modes by changing the symbol durations at physical layer. Based on the double rates schemes, our method completes acoustic ranging among the whole network with only one hop, which eliminates the accumulated inaccuracy caused by multi-hop ranging in localization schemes based on single rate. Simulation results show that our method has the highest positioning accuracy compared with MSL and DV-Hop.