Radiated interference

EMI and crosstalk noise have been discussed at interconnect and system level for both shielded and unshielded circuits. An integrated model where both conducting and radiated interference noise models considered within the same package may not be possible because of inability of reducing the complex models by simple analytical formulations and excessive demand on the computer time and storage. An automated approach to these problems which is dependent on circuit layout but can consider all these effects in one model also suffers from similar problems. However it is feasible to identify problem areas and independently calculate EMI, crosstalk and substrate noise effects. Even such an approach will require automated library routines which can be reconfigured within a general methodology for any circuit layout