Smart card based off-line micropayment framework using mutual authentication scheme

The requirements for realizing electronic commerce are to implement a compatible payment framework. As existing schemes are almost involved in high-expenditure, these are not adaptable to the Internet which requires a low-cost payment system. Public key based system is needed for providing the enhanced security and privacy in the large scale distributed environments. In this study, the smart card based off-line payment scheme is proposed for supporting the micropayment framework. The proposed off-line framework provides low-cost transactions and advanced scheme with the mutual authentication using the challenge-response technique in smart card. This framework provides the benefits of enhanced privacy including double spending protection and the untraceable scheme