Instrumentation and sensor technologies for the measurement and detection of Lunar Dust

Planned lunar missions within NASA´s Exploration Program have resulted in renewed attention to problems attributable to fine particulates. While the difficulties experienced during the Apollo missions did not prove critical, the comparative duration and complexity of impending missions presents a different situation. This scenario creates the need for a spectrum of particulate measurement and sensor technologies. From a fundamental perspective, an improved understanding of the properties of the regolith dust fraction is required for future missions. The same capabilities are required for the iterative development and refinement of associated engineered simulant materials. A need also exists for end-use, mission compatible sensor technologies. Examples include provisions for air quality monitoring in spacecraft and remote habitation modules, and process control sensors for filtration systems. Required sensor attributes such as low mass, volume, and power consumption, autonomy of operation, and extended reliability cannot be accommodated by existing technologies. Described here are various advanced capabilities being developed to meet these requirements.