Hybrid paraplegic standing with the Cochlear FES-22 implantable stimulator and Andrews FRO braces: a follow-up

The re-designed Cochlear FES-22 implantable stimulator has received considerable development in both hardware and software over the past four years. The implanted subject, a T-10 paraplegic male (CS), is able to exercise his knee and hip extensors for 20 minutes before onset of muscle fatigue. Subject CS has been able to stand using the Cochlear FES-22 stimulator with the Andrews FRO braces for up to 27½ minutes during a 41½ minute session with 3 standing periods. The longest single standing period achieved was 18½ minutes. The stimulation to the knee extensors can be removed in excess of 90% of the stance. Subject CS has been able to lift over 5 lb. at arms length to above shoulder level, while maintaining his posture with the knee extensor stimulation off