Vibrotactile feedback systems: Current trends in rehabilitation, sports and information display

The sense of touch is one of the most informative senses humans possess, and tactation is the sensation perceived by the sense of touch. Tactation is resulted by the skin´s receptors that are stimulated by modalities such as vibration, pressure, etc. The concept of tactile technologies is based on the skin´s ability to communicate information through these modalities. Current advances include electrical stimulation, vibrotactile stimulation, thermal stimulation, etc. This paper is a comprehensive review of the technological enhancements of vibrotactile feedback systems in rehabilitation, sports and Information display domains used for motion improvement, motor learning, navigation, gaming, etc. The evolution of vibrotactile technology and its enhancements in the twenty first century for rehabilitation, sports and information display are presented.