Incorporating generator reactive power limits into constrained-genetic-algorithm load flow

This paper develops a method to deal with the generator reactive power limits in a genetic algorithm-based environment. In this method, the limits are treated as inequality constraints. The developed method for treating the reactive power limits and the technique usually adopted in Newton-Raphson load flow are compared. The validity and performance of the constrained-genetic-algorithm load flow with generator reactive power limit treatment are tested and illustrated by applying the method to the IEEE 30-bus test system